The Great Barrier Reef is an amazing place. One of the most unique places in the pacific ocean. It is the worlds most extensive ecosystems. It brings so many people to this place as tourist. Not only are people there to see the beauty of the Reef, but also to experience to the amazing culture. But, because of the destroying of the Reef the amount of tourist will eventually goo down. As well as the bulldozing the amount of pollution being poured into the ocean will destroy the reef as well. This place is so amazing and so different from everywhere else that it is a very large tourist spot. the tourist revenue is a huge thing for this area and has been for a very long time. If the reefs are destroyed then the revenue would stop and this would cause them to find another way to come up with the loss of money. All of the tourist cause for upkeep and new additions to the cities, but this could all end if we keep polluting and destroying The Great Barrier Reef.

After reading this chapter I came to the thought that a Sentimental hooligan is a violent young trouble maker, typically one of a gang. To say that a hooligan could be sentimental is crazy but it happens. These people are addicted to violence. The violence continuously pull you back in and it is a continuous cycle. In this chapter there is a man that goes by the name Alan he says he is addicted to this thing called sentimental violence. He explains that no matter how hard he tries to give up this unhealthy addiction he can not stop, he always tries to stay close to the violence. These people that start the fights do not harm the innocent. They also believe they are being sentimental because they think they are fight for a cause. They believe it needs to be done. He even joined to serve his country, but finding himself to only want to be a part of secret missions that would allow him to fight and train armies. From what I read these hooligans are causing these fights during the soccer games. The fans began to get so intrigued by these fights so they began to make sure that these fights would occur during the games and happened in the arena. He had a life full of violence and getting arrested, but he seemed to be proud of his actions. Alan wont change because he tried before and failed. he says it is because he is just that type of person by nature.

This chapter talks about the Top Hats, also known as the Cartolas. The Top Hats were scoundrels who managed the Brazilian soccer clubs. They were the ones who did the “dirty work” for the club.  They claimed to not get paid a salary, and that they did the work because of how much they loved the club. In all actuality, they were stealing money for their own selfish benefits. In this chapter I found that it dealt with a great deal of the Brazilian economy and how it relates to soccer.

The author Foer travels to Brazil and writes about how the corruption of soccer and politics work over there and the events that are entailed. I also found that there was a stronger power struggle along the government and how it is majorly destroying their economy. With that being said, how does soccer explain the survival of this? Well like we have learned throughout the multiple chapters and reading this semester, soccer consists of many clubs. These clubs are filled with people that come from a negative backgrounds looking for something to be passionate about. These people find their passion in soccer so they become part of these clubs, they become top hats.

These top hats have an uncontrollable desire for their team to succeed and they are willing to go to any extent to make sure that it happens. This brings an excessive amount of violence into the soccer industry. The top hats use the corrupted aspect of soccer on order to survive. Although many people have tried to eliminate the violence in these clubs it some how finds its way back no matter what.

The chapter How Soccer Explains The New Oligarchs mainly focuses on the referees of Italy, and how much attention they receive. In America refs get the short end of the stick in my opinion. they are looked at as the ones who can ruin a a game for someone just because of one call. In this chapter they reveal the secrets behind the mysterious relationship between referees and the two most powerful soccer clubs in Italy, Juventus of Turin and AC Milan. The owner of AC Milan was ,Silvio Berlusconi, and he was not afraid to show off how much power and money he had. The owners of the Juventus of Turin was the Agnelli family, and even though they were just as powerful and maybe even more. Referees are a key element throughout any sport played. They contain the responsibility of having the authority to ensure players from both sides of the game play accordingly to the rules from a neutral point of view. In Italy, they are seen as very respected sport celebrities, because every little action they disburse onto the field reflects the position of the team. These refs have to make the choice on wether they are going to ref fairly, or if they are going to ref for money. Most of the time these ref are going to ref for the money. These owners are willing to do anything for a win. It is easy to make it a little easy on your players and just pay the ref so, that is what is done. This proving that for the right amount of money people are willing to do anything.

Chapter 6 in the novel, How soccer explains the World by Franklin Foer, is titled, “The Black Carpathians.” In this chapter, the author relates to the game of soccer and adds in a group of Nigerians who are supposed to be very great soccer players. Coming to play, the others do not know how to feel about this because back in the day, not too many black people played soccer. They didn’t know whether to accept it or be upset about it. The Ukrainian soccer clubs were state-run enterprises, which almost lead to the Ukrainian soccer clubs to sinks and disappear altogether. But some of the richest men in Ukraine, bought the clubs. After this they wanted the best teams, so they started buying Nigerian players. who turned out to be amazing players. Edward was one of these players. Edward was bought for $500,000 and was paid quite a bit more than the rest of the players. Nigerians ended up going through a lot of hardship because of the existence of racism. Unfortunately for some Nigerian players such as Edward Anyamkyegh experienced a con that really only benefited the recruiters and contract-negotiators. Far from his home, Edward experienced many forms of racism, including being called a “monkey” and having bananas thrown onto the playing field during games. Or on the west side the would scream out ape noises, but Edward would not let it affect his playing. Throughout all of these rocky roads and hills, Edward went through, as well as other Nigerians, they overcame, and continued to do what they love.

In Chapter 9, How Soccer Explains Islam’s Hope, it talks about how the Islam people, especially women, are looking for hope. There are many rules for the Islam people mostly for women that are not fair. There are different dress codes and things that men can do but women cannot. They view the word hope as a word that means freedom. The government places strict rules and regulations on Islamic women. Within this chapter I found many stories of the overall seriousness that followed the soccer teams. The deep expressions within the fandom and how they treat the women played a big part into the game. The women of Islam were not allowed to watch any of the soccer games or to include themselves in any way. There was a major injustice being given to them, and it took away a lot of the freedom that everyone else around them was allowed to have. After a major soccer game victory a massive group of women stood together and marched up to the gates of the arena and demanded to be part of the victory. After police realized that they stood no chance they released the gates and let the women flood the gates. In that instance, Islamic women won a little freedom that day and enjoyed the love they had for the game as equals. This chapter somed up some of the ways the Islam government controls their people, and give women hope that the women of Islam will get their freedom.

This chapter it mainly about how Jewish soccer teams were once great teams that were on the road to success. Then they found themselves fighting the Anti-Semitic battle led by the infamous Adolf Hitler. In past history the jews have been hated and killed for their faith. Hitler’s concentration camps are great examples of this. Hitler came to power, and not many Jewish churches, clubs, or anything for that matter, survived. After being persecuted for such a long time the Jews found a way they could stand up to the persecutors such as through soccer. This chapter describes Jewish soccer teams that were once great teams. They were on the road to success but then they found themselves fighting the Anti-Semitic battle led by Hitler. They were proud to be Jewish because they wore blue and white uniforms with their Zionism on the sleeves, and King David’s star on the front of their jerseys. Jewish question is explained through soccer in this chapter by, describing the soccer club Hakoah of Vienna, they were an outstanding soccer team made up of Jews. They were always better than most of their opponents, and would easily win their matches with the exception of a few teams that matched their skill levels. I think soccer helped the Jews overcome a lot of violence. They had a crowd behind them when they played. Even though Hakoah was good they still weren’t entirely accepted. The opposing teams called them dirty Jews and Jewish pigs. But, even though the opposing teams did this the Jews were still moving forward after the terrible things the went through with Hitler.

What is meant by the discreet charm of Bourgeois Nationalism? Well, this book describes everything through the game of soccer. In this chapter, the team of Barca is Barcelona’s soccer team. They are a team who is unlike any of the other teams we have talked about. The team of Barca is one that loves the game of soccer. But, unlike all of the other teams this team plays with passion and love for the game of soccer. They ignore all of the negative things that the other team throws at them. They play the game we all wish to see. Well, some of us. All of the other teams seem to care more about everything that comes with being a pro soccer team. Paying refs, making money any way they can, taking in all of the fans love, and they play with aggression and hate. The team of Barca does not pay refs, they play with no aggression, and they are there to play the game of soccer. I thought of high school when I read this chapter. There is always a group of people that are full of love and kindness, and they reflect that in their daily lives. Then you have the people that are full of hate, the bullies, the one that felt the only way to make themselves happy is to bring others down. I think this Barca team of Barcelona is the definition of discreet charm, and they do the best job at it.

How have the Olympics and World Cup been held in South Brazil shown a light of the plight of the people? Of course, the country is happy to be hosting these amazing sports events, there are some who are not so happy. The World Cup and the Olympics are driving the “slums” out of Rio. These events are being used as a “Social Cleansing”. In 2015 Rio hosted seven games including the final game. Then only the next year the Olympics were hosted. This was thought to modernize and create a better future. For some parts of the country this was a plus but for millions, it was a heartbreak. Many of these people feel like they are being victimized by social cleansing. By hosting these games it is causing ten and thousands of Rio slums are being pushed out of the country. While many people are looking forward to the world cup there were people fighting their evictions. At least 19,000 families have been moved to make way for roads, stadiums, and many other things due to the huge sporting events that are being hosted. I feel like the country is making a smart decision for the country its self because the amount of money coming in is worth it. But, it is making the people of their country are struggling, and not making it. This is all being caused by games. The country needs to come together and decide which is more important. The people that have lived in Brazil should not be kicked out of their home because of some games.

The movement to post-Fordist production in the automobile industry has meant a massive loss of jobs in Detroit. As a result, Detroit has approximately 90,000 vacant or abandoned houses and residential lots. What can Detroit do to encourage development and make the city vibrant again?

As someone who hadn’t heard about this crisis before I feel sad for this great city. One which used to be one of the most populated cities in the united states. A significant percentage of housing parcels in the city are vacant, with abandoned lots making up more than half of total residential lots in large portions of the city. With at least 70,000 abandoned buildings, 31,000 empty houses, and 90,000 vacant lots, Detroit has become notorious for its urban blight. I feel like as a great city like Detroit is there are many things that could be done. Charities are something that could help. have some people give some money to rebuild the city. Or, popular help. Like having a famous person post about what is going on in the city. Bring the attention to where it needs to be. while reading about Detroit I read the Emenim, the rapper is from Detroit. Having him say a couple of things about what is going on would really help I think. They could tear down the old buildings and make something that could be a better use for the community. I think, for right now they need to make it aware of what is happening in Detroit, and make progress from there. With the help of the community.